Compressor



p 1929- J. o. CARREY 1,709,838

cournsssoa Filed Feb. 20, 1926 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 April23,1929. J. O. CARREY" 1, 3

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April 23, 1929.

April 23, 1929, J. o. CARREY 1,

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' Even/8oz April 23, 1929. J. o. CARREY 1,709,838

' COMPRESSOR Filed Feb/20, 1926 7 sheets-sheet 6 :1: 1:1: 9/ V/IA ,r I

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UETD ST YES JOHN 0. GARREY, or s11. LQUIS, rsseunr, ASSIGNOR To a c ENGINEERING .oo., r1\To., on ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION or rarssonnrg g 1 coivrransson.

Application filed February 20, 1326. Serial No. 59,634.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in compressors and has for its objects the provislon of a compressor wherein the valves are dispensed with and.

the intake and discharge of the fluid from the compressor chamber or cylinder is controlled by the movement of said cylinder which is mounted for oscillatory movement and has a closed ported head which 00- operates with a stationary plate provided with intake and outlet ports whereby the oscillatory movement of said'c'yiinde* positions the ported head thereof in register with the intake or the outlet port of said plate in correlation with the movement of the piston. v

Further objects of the invention are to provide actuating connections for the piston of said cylinder to cause oscillatory movementof the latter and bring the port thereof in register withthe proper port of the plate automatically and in time relation with'the movement of said piston. 7

Additional objects of the invention are to generally improve upon and simplify the construction of the compressor of the class described and permit the couplingoffsaid compressor directly to the prime mover, such as an electric motor, thereby eliminating expensive and noisy operating connections and condensing the compressor structure so that it occupies a minimum amount of space and is of durable construction.

Further objects of the invention are to provide suitable means mounted in the easing of the compressor for oscillatory movc ment and adapted removably to receive the cylinders and support them in proper operative positions.

Still further objects of the invention are to provide means automatically operable in correlation with the compressor for bypassing the discharge portof the cylinder when the compressor is stationary in order to prevent the compressing of the fluid during the stationary operation of the compressor,

therebyrelieving the prime mover utilized to operate the compressor of unnecessary load during the'starting operation thereof, said means being automatically operable when the compressing mechanism attains its proper speed to bring the discharge port of the cylinder or cylinders in communication with the port of the high pressure 5 chamber. I

lVith these and other objects in View, my invention'consists ,in' certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts, hereinafter merc fully described andclaimed, and illustrated in the accompany ing drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross section taken longitudinally through my improved com pressor. f I

Figure 2 is a transverse'cross section taken vertically on line 22' of Figure 1. Figure 3 is "a detail view of the upper portion of the compressor showing the cylinder in moved position ,in register with the discharge port of the compressor. Y Figure 4.is a similar view showing the cylinderin reverse position in register with I the intake port of the compressor.

Figure 5 is a bottom planview of the ported plate adapted tofcooperat'e with the v headof the cylinder.

Figure 6 is a top plan of the cylinder. r Figure? is a longitudinal cross section through the coupling and seal used in (mm nection'with my compressor. p Q

Figure 8 a vertical cross section taken on line 88 of Figure 7. i

Figure 9. is a vertical cross section taken on line 99 of Figure'f.

Figure 10 is an enlarged detail view showing the packing interposed between the adj as; cent surfaces ofthe bearingplate and the View of the. head wall of the "high compression chamber.

Figure 11 is a detail View showing in section a modified form of the cylinder.

Figure 12 a fragmental sectionalview through my improved compressor showing the automatically operable means for unloading or by-passing the compressor.

Figure 13 is a similarv view but showing the actuating mechanism of theby-passing means in moved or operative position.

Figure 1a is a transverse. section taken on line 14-14 of Figure '18. Figure 15 is a detail view showing the actuating arm of the sleeve in retracted position.

Flgure 16 is a similar view but showing said arm 1n moved position, which. position it assumes when the compressor is running at full speed.

Figure. 17 is a transverse sectionthrough the cylinder chamber showing the, cylinder in communication with'the outlet port of the high pressure chamber and the sleeve in operative position, which position it as sumes when the compressor is operating at full speed.

Figure 18 is asimilar viewbut showing saddle 11 which is secured thereto by'suitable fastening means12) Casing. is pro vided with. an extension10' which is also cylindrical inshape but of smaller diameter, and the upper end-of said extension is provided with a high" pressure chamber 14 which is closed by aqplate 15. The endsof casing 10 are closed by end plates 16 which are provided with extensions 16 and 16 for closing the ends. of extension lO and chamber 14, respectively. I

End plates ,16 areprovided witlrinwardly extending circular flanges 17 in which are arranged bearings 18 for receiving shaft 19; One end of saidshaft projects through one of the end plates and; is adapted to be connected in any suitable manner. to a prime mover such as an electric motor. A

'pair of oppositely disposed-eccentrics 20 is arranged on shaft 19 and operating" on said eccentrics are sleeves or collar-s21 which are formed integral with or secured was lower ends of pistons 22.- Each piston 22 is disposed'above shaft 19 and operates in a cylinder 2st which is disposed in chamber 25 formed. inexi'iension10 and is supported therein'by a sleeve 26which is-slippedover said: cylinderand bears atone end against a circular. shoulderi2 l which is formed. in-

tegral with said cylinder, while the opposite end is engaged by a threaded collar 27 screw-seated onthc threaded portion of cylinder 24 so that byti'ghtening collar 27, sleeve 26 is securely clamped in position on the piston. Each. sleeve 26 is provided with outwardly projecting:trunnions 28 which are journaledin bearings 29, the latter being disposed in a sleeve 30. This sleeve is slipped in position inextension 10" and the lower port-ionof saidslceve is slotted as indicated at 31. to permit the passage of pis nect ions with eccentric straps 21 it will be seen that oscillatory motion will be imparted to cylinders 24: in a definite relation with the movement of said pistons as shown in. 2

Figures 3' and 4t whereinthe eccentrics, the pistons, and the cylinders are shown at their extreme positions. each piston is provided with/a centrally arranged elongated opening 3d disposed at right angles to the line of movement of the cylinder and forms a port through which the compressible fluid passes into and from the cylinder. This portBel is adapted to be brought into' register with an intake port and discharge port86, both of which are formed in a plate or port member '87 which is arranged in highpressure chamber 14 and extends downwardly through a suitable opening. formed in sleeve 30. The lower face of this plate is formed concave indicated at 38 and bears against the convex head of cylinder 24 This face 38 terminates'tlush with the inner periphery of sleeve 30 and is disposed concentrically with the axes of trunnions 2S.

In order to insure proper positioning of member 37, a dowel pin 39 is used to align apertures formed in the overhanging portion of plate 37 and the respective side of extension 10 Outlet or discharge port 36 extends upwardly and opens into the high pressure chamber 14, while inlet port is in the form of a shallow and comparatively wide groove which extends to one side of the curved face and communicates with groove 40 formed in thecorrespondiin side of the inner faceof sleeve 30 so that inletport 35 is at all times in communication with chamber 25 and-chamber 25 formed in casing 10. I I

'Each plate 37'is held in position by a bolt 41 which is threaded in the cover plate 15, the lat" forming the top wall of chamber 1-1. Bolt or screw 41 is locked in position by a nut i t which bears on the upper face of plate 15. The lower end of bolt .41 preferably tapered and bears on plate 3'? and holds the latter in position. Prefer- The convex face 32 ofably a small. bearing piece 45 is interposed v between member 37 and the lower end of screw 41 and is provided with a' seat for receiving the round end of screw -11.

Port- 3G'which is in the form oi a narrow elongated opening is set to one side of the vertical axis of the compressor the proper distance to venable the port to be brought in alignment therewith "when the eccentric occupies its lefthand position as shown in Figure 3L Inlet port 35 is spaced on the opposite side of the axis of thecompressor the proper distance so that when the cylinder and piston occupy positions shown in Figure 4', port 3% of the cylinder is in communication with said inlet port and permits fluid to be drawn to I with a plurality of compressing units.

In Figures 7 to 9 is shown the preferred form of coupling to be used in connection withmy improved compressor and thiscoupling'consists of a driving member ltibonnected to the motor shaft and a driven member 51 connected to the projecting end of shaft 19. I These members are operatively interconnected by a rod 52 having ball and socket connections 53-and 54L with the driven and driving members, respectively. This rod52 is provided in its length with 'a spherical enlargement 55' \;vhich has a bearing at 56 in a transverse wall 57 ofahousing or shell 58 which is fixed to one of the plates 16. This wall 57 divides housing 58 into two compartments, compartment A which houses driven member 51 and maybe completely filled with grease or other suitable v lubricant, and compartment B which is provided with a central opening for -accommodating the bearing of -motor M and is preferably filled with oil to provide lubrication for driving member 49 which is housed in said compartment B;

Enlargement 55 is of comparatively large diameter to provide proper bearing surface for the member 52 and preferably has a hearing in a collar 59 which is seated in wall 57 and has a concave seat for receiving one-half of said ball 55. A member 60 is provided with a concave seat-for receiving the other half of said ball so that the latter is held in position by members 59 and 60. lVhile member 59 is rigidly seated in wall 57, member 60 is held in engagement with said, ball 55 under pressure by means of coiled-springs 61 which are spaced from said ball. and have one of their ends bearing against a collar 62 carried by a bolt 63, which latter is seated in wall 57 and projects laterally therefrom through apertures formed in member 60. The other ends of springs 61 bear against said member 60 and maintain the seat thereof under pressure "in engagementwith ball 55, thereby forming a fluidtight joint and preventing escape of fluid from the casing 10 to the atmosphere.

Members 59 and 60 are preferably pro vided with inserts of special anti-friction metal-for engaging ball 55, thereby prolonging the life of the seal and reducing the friction to minimum. The ball and socket joints 53 and 54 each consists of a, spherical member 64; which is attached tothc end of rod 52 and is seated'ina semispherical seat formed in a block 65 whlch' latter is "111* s'erted in a bore 66 formed in each member 51 and 4:9 for that purpose. "Eaehball 64: is

held in position by a collar 67 screw-seated in the opening 68 ofreach n'iember and having a seat for engagingsaidball and holding it in position. Each collar 67-has a countersunk bore communicatinggwith seat 69 and opening outwardly to accommodate rod 52.

In the assembling of the coupling, two

members 49 and 5 1 are disposed in their ball seats 65 at diametrically opposed points and member 52 is disposed obliquely wit-hball 64L occupying said seats." Rotation of driving member 9 will rock member 54 in a circularmotion with the ball- 55 serving as the axis. or pivot for member 52 and this circular motion willbe imparted to driven member 51 causing the latter to rotate. In

this manner, compartment A is effectively sea'ledso thatallklanger of leakage of the fluid from the casingto the atmosphere is reduced to nnmmum;

In Figure 10 is shown packing 7O preferabl-y of lead which isplaced between the flange of plate 37 and theadjoining Wall of highcompression chamber 14. One or both of the surfaces are formed with V-shaped' grooves for receiving packingf70 and when screw tl is turned tobear onplate 37 packing 70 is forced under pressure in sealing contact with the cooperating surfaces. Furthermore, said packing" forms a yielding spacing means whereby byturning screw 41 in proper direction, the concave face of plate 37 can be maintained at all times in contact with the curved end of the cylinder .24. A packing 71'is placed between nut '44- land cover plate 15 and a packing 72 is used to 'scalthe joint between thewalls of the compression chamber-land cover plate15.

1 In the modified form shown in Figure 11, a head 7 formed detachable from cylinder 74, the joint therebetween being sealed by a packing 75. The-curved face of the head 73 bears against the-inner periphery of a sleeve 76, which is provided with an inlet port 7 7 and an outlet port 78 for cooperating with aport 79in the head'73. In this mannor, the pressure isapplied to the head 7 3 which contacts with sleeve 76 and itis not necessary to use bearing plate 37and pressure member 41. I u

In thelform shown in Figures 12 to 18, a sleeve 80 which is-similar to sleeve 30 of the preferred form is provided with ports 81 adapted to establish intercommunication between ports 3430f cylinders 24t'and ports 36 vof bearing plates 37*. These bearing plates are seated in a horizontally disposed transverse wall 82 of casing 10 and are provided with annular seats for receiving sleeve 80. The concave faces of plates 37 bear against the outer periphery of sleeves 80 while the convex faces of Cylinders 2 1 operate against the inner faces of saidisleeves. Sleeve 80 is rotatably journaledin bearings 83 which. are mounted in end plates 16". Thus sleeve 80'is free to movev about its axis, thereby bringing port 81 out ofregister with ports 36 and 34 as shown in Figure 18 in which position the communication be- In this manner, the motor used for driving the compressor 'is relieved of allthe load during the starting operation thereof. hen the motor reaches the proper speed, sleeve 80 is automatically operated in the oppositedirection, therebybringing ports 81.

in register with ports 36 and disconnecting the unloading connection between the cylinders and the casing.

Any suitable means may be used to position' sleeve 80,- the preferred form being shown in Figures 12 to 16, inclusive. In

thisform, a member 85 is slidably mounted on shaft-19 between eccentrics and is provided with an annular groove 86 for receiving the ends 87 of bell cranks 88. The latterare pivotally mounted at 89 to a plate 9O which is arranged to one side of'one of the eccentrics 20 and has fixed relation therewith; Bell cranks 88 are provided on their opposite ends with weights 91 which when shaft 19 reaches its proper speed are thrown outwardly by centrifugal action, thereby rocking bell cranks 88 which through their inter-engagement of ends 87 with member 85 cause the latter to move longitudinally of shaft 19 a. predetermined distance.

Member 85 isprovided with a truncated cone portion 92 which is adapted to engage a cone-shaped roller 92 carried by the-lower end of arm 94;. This arm is liked to sleeve and when roller. 93 is engaged by cone face 92, the lowerend of arm 94: is moved outwardly awayfrom shaft 19, thereby rocking sleeve '80 in one direction.

A spring 95 is connected at one end to casing 10 and at its opposite end to-arm 94 andi'tends to maintain sleeve 80 in operative position, in which position port 81 registers with port 36. Rods 96 project laterally from weights 91 and have secured to their ends springs 97. These springs exert their influence in a' direction opposed to centrifugal action and serve to hold weights 9 1 in contracted positions with member occupying position as shown in Figure 12. hen in this position, roller 93 rests against the large end 9:2 as shown in Figure l6with sleeve 80 occupying posi tion as shown ,in Figure 18 whereinport 334 communicates with intake port 84 there-.

by passing the compression chamber so that centrifugal force overcomes the tension of said springs and causes weights 91 to fly outwardly (Figure 18). In doing so, member-85'is moved longitudinally on shaft 19 bringing the reduced portion 92" in contact with roller 98-. This allows arm 94 to rock toward shaft 19 so that sleeve 80 .is partially rotated to bring port v81 in register with port 36. Thus theby-passing connection is, interrupted and the compressor is rendered, operative.

Trunnions'28' ma. be r l l in o y 1011 na cc 0 ne shaped roller bearings 98 and interposed be tween the inner bearings is a coiled spring 99 (Figure 12) which the wear.

In the construction and operation? of my improved compressorno check valves are necesssarythereby eliminating all noises i11 cidentalto the operation of such valves and also rendering thecompressormore reliable as all trouble caused by the inefficient operation or breakage of the valves is thereby eliminated.

- lV'h-il'e I haveshown the preferred form of my invention, it is obvious that changes in the size, form and construction of" the various parts of my device, may be made andsubstituted for those herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of my invention, as expressed inthe following claims.

I claim: 1. A compressor comprising a casing, a

cylinder having a closed head provided with .a port, said cylinder being mounted in said casing for oscillatory movement, a reciproeating piston operating in said cylinder and .adapted to oscillate the same, and a stationary plate removably arranged. in said casing and forming a bearing for said closed head of said cylinder and provided with inlet and outlet ports spaced from each other and adapted to communicate with the port of said cylinder in a definite relation with the movement of saidpiston.

2. A compressor comprising a casing, a cylinder mounted therein for oscillatory movement and provided with a closed head having a port formed therein, a reciprocating piston operating in said cylinder, and a stationary plate secured in said casing. and forming a bearing for said closed head of automatically takes up said cylinder and provided with anintake port and an outlet port, said cylinder being adapted to oscillatein a predetermined relation with the operation of said piston to position the port of said cylinder in register with said intakeor said outlet port.

A compressor comprising a casinghaving a cylinder chamber and a high pressure chamber, an oscillatory cylinder mounted in said cylinder chamber, said cylinder being provided with a closed head having a 0.01 1- vex face, there being an elongated port formed in said head. transversely of the line of oscillation, a reciprocating piston operating in said cylinder, and a plate mounted in said casing and separating the cylinder chamber from a high pressure chamber, said plate having a concave face for receiving the convex end ofsaid' cylinder and. being provided with elongated intake and outlet ports spaced from each other, said cylinder being adapted to oscillate in a predetermined relation with the operation of said piston to position the portof said cylinder alternately in'register with said intake port and said outletport. v i

4. A compressor comprising a casing pro vided with a cylinder chamber and a high pressurefichamber, fl/C-yllIlClGI mounted in said cylinder chamber for oscillatorymovement and having a closed convex head provided with an opening, a bearing plate in said casing separating the cylinder chamber from said high pressure chamber, said plate being provided with an intake port registrable with the opening in said cylinder head when the latteris rockedin one position, and with an outlet port openmg into sa1d'h1gh pressure chamber and registrable with the opening in said cylinder when the latter is moved in the opposite, direction, and a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, and means f0 actuating said piston and'effecting oscillatory movement of said cylinder.

5. A compressor comprising acasing pro vided with a cylinder chamber and a high pressure chamber, a cylinder mounted in said cylinder chamber for oscillatory movement and provided with a closed head having a convex face, there being an elongated slot formed in said head disposed at right angles to the line of movement thereof, a piston operating in said cylinder, :1 bearingplatearranged in said casing and separating the cyl-.

inder chamber from the high pressure chamber, said plate being provided with an outlet port and an inlet port spaced from each other and disposed at right angles to the line of movement of said cylinder whereby the slot formed in the head of said cylinder 1S brought into communication with the respec- V tive ports, thereby admittingfiuid into the cylinder during the intake stroke of the pis- 'ton and discharging the compressed fluid through said outletport into said high pressure chamber during the compression stroke of the piston,and means for actuating said piston and producing oscillatory movement of saidcylinder. I

'6. A compressor comprising a casing providedwith a main chamber and a: cylinder chamber, a shaft ournaled lIhSEtlCl main chamber, an 'eccentric fixed on' said shaft, an eccentr cstrap operating over said eccentric, a piston fixed to said strap and extending into said cylinderand chamber, apcylinder .in the last-mentioned chamber and en-" gageable by said piston, trunnions laterally disposed on said cylinder and journaled' in said cylinder chamber ,to permit oscillatory movement of said cylinder, a plate, fixed in said cylinder chamber for engaging the head v of said cylinder, said head being provided with a centrally disposed portleading from said cylinder, and said platebeinguprovided with inlet and outlet ports spaced fromeach other and adapted to establish communication withsaidcylinder port when said-cyliinv v der lsmoved in opposite directions, and pipe I connections communicating with said outlet port.

A compressor comprisinga casing provided, with. a main chamber and a cyl nder chamber, a cylinder imounted for, rocking movement in sa d cylinder chamber and hay-flng the outer end-closed and-provided with] an outwardly curvedface, a piston operating in said cylinder, means in said main chamber for actuating said pistonand rocking said cylinder, and a memberhavingan inwardly curved face in engagement-with the curved face of said cylinder, said member being.. prosaidintake port and discharged under com-.

pression through said discharge port; a

a 8, .A compressor comprising a cylinder mounted for oscillatorymovement and provided with a compression chamber, a piston, operating in said chamber and automatically oscillatin said c linder, and a member in C3, I

' engagement with said cylinder and pro'vided with an intake and a discharge port, sa1d cylinder being, provided with anopeningleading from said compression chamber and:

adaptedto establish communication with either one of said ports by the oscillatory movement of said cylinder in correlation with the operating movements of said piston.

9. A compressor comprising a casing. provided withan inlet and an outlet port spaced from eachother, a cylinder'rockably moun edin said casing, a piston operating therein,-'-

the outer end of said cylinder. being closed and provided with an opening adapted to be brought by theoscillatory movementof said of said cylinder inre face, meanszt'or pivo'tally supporting said I cylinder insardacasmg, aplstonoperatmgiin said cylinder, eccentric means "for actuating said piston and rocking said. cylinder to bring the opening formed in the closed end k "cor with said intake portand said outlet' n it in correlation with the strokes of said piston. l

e 11. i-i'compressor comprising a casing, a

sleevein said casing, hearings in said sieeve,

a cylinder mounted in said bearings and disposed at r ght angles tothe 3X18 of'said sleeve,-th'e outer end of said cylinderbeing closed and curved outwardly concentrically with the inner face of said sleeve, an inletport and an outlet port formed insaid'sleeve and spaced from each other, there being an opening formed-in the "closed end of said cylinder adapted alternately to engage said inlet and outlet ports, .a piston operating in said cylinder and adapted-to impart oscilr latory 'movement thereto, an d eccentric .means for actuating said piston.

12. A fluid displacement apparatus com} prising a casing having a low pressure chamher and a highpressurechamber and ports v leading" therefrom, anoscillatory cylinder wholly mounted in the low pressure chamber of said casing and provided with a closed head having an elongated radial openingand formed. therein adapted tobe brought, during the movement of said cylinder,-into register withthe respective ports, a-piston operating in said cylinder.for"displacing the 'fl-uid between said chambers and means Within said "casing for actuating-said piston and imparting osclllatoryl movement to said cylment ofsaid piston.

inde'rand effecting the registerof thecylindcr port with the :ports of the respective chambers in time relation with the move- 13. A fluiddisplacementapparatus comprisinga casmg having a pluralityof fluid chambers and ports leading therefrom, an

oscillatory cylinder wholly mounted in one ofthe chambers-of said casingand-having a closed head provided with an elongated radial opening adapted tobe alternately brought 'lntO"'1QglSiZQl with the respective ports, a-fluid displacement piston-operating in said cylinder for effecting passage of 'fiuid through said cylinder-and betweenthe respective chambers, a shaft jeurnalledinsaid casing and extending therefrom, and means wliollydisposecl within saichcasing and actuated by said shaft "for imparting reciprocatory motion to said piston, whereby the movement-0t said cylinder brings said elongatedopening into register with the port of the respective chamberiintime relation w the movement of said piston.

i i. A fluid displacement-apparatus com- -prising a casing having a plurality of fluidchambers, thereloein a port leading from each chamber and op'enmg into aconcave "face of said casing, a cylinder-mounted for oscillatory movement insaidcasing and provided witlra closed convexhead operating against. said concave face, .saidhead having an elongated radial opening adapted/to engage alternately'the ports of said fluid chambers when said cylinderis oscillated, therebyeffecting communicationbetween the respective chamber and said cylinder, a thii d displacement piston "operating in said cyhnder, an eccentric opelatively mounted-in said casing and an eccentric strap fixed to said piston and operating over said eccentric for actuating said piston and imparting ioscil lntory movement to said cylinder.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix-my signaturethis 18th d ay of January, 1926.

JOHN o. CARREY. 

